| Pivotal Assessment | Finding | |
|---|---|---|
History |
Acute | Chronic |
Subdural hematoma is typically diagnosed through a combination of medical history, physical examination, and imaging tests. The key steps include:
1. **Medical History**: The doctor will ask about any recent head injuries, symptoms, and overall health.
1. **Headache**: Often persistent or worsening over time.
2. **Confusion**: Difficulty thinking clearly or concentrating.
3. **Changes in consciousness**: Ranging from drowsiness to complete loss of consciousness.
4. **Nausea and vomiting**: Especially if pressure increases in the brain.
5. **Balance and coordination issues**: Difficulty walking or maintaining balance.
6. **Weakness or numbness**: In one side of the body or specific limbs.
7. **Seizures**: May occur in some cases.
8. **Personality changes**: Increased irritability or mood swings.
Symptoms can develop slowly over days to weeks, especially in chronic subdural hematomas. If you suspect a subdural hematoma, it's important to seek medical attention immediately.
2. **Physical Examination**: A neurological exam will assess cognitive function, coordination, reflexes, and sensory response.
3. **Imaging Tests**:
- **CT Scan**: This is the most common and rapid method to visualize bleeding in the brain.
- **MRI**: May be used for a more detailed view, especially in chronic cases.
4. **Additional Tests**: In some cases, further imaging or tests might be needed to rule out other conditions.
If you suspect a subdural hematoma, it’s crucial to seek medical evaluation promptly.